Randomized clinical trial of standard dietary treatment versus a low-carbohydrate/ high-protein diet or the LighterLife Programme in the management of obesity. C Rolland, M Hession, S Murray et al. Journal of Diabetes.

44
2009
"Randomized clinical trial of standard dietary treatment versus a low-carbohydrate/ high-protein diet or the LighterLife Programme in the management of obesity. C Rolland, M Hession, S Murray et al. Journal of Diabetes. 2009 Sep;1(3):207-17. Epub 2009 Jun 26. "
View Study
UK
1
"To assess changes in weight, body composition and CVD risk in response to a very low-carbohydrate, high- protein diet (VLC+HP) or a moderately low-carb, E-restricted (Mod Carb) diet with commercial foods provided. "
72
62
20%
40
9 mos
Y
"72 obese adults who had not lost >10% weight loss after 3 mos on low-fat, reduced-E diet Mean BMI: 42-46 Completed n=62 (86.1%)"
62
"120 obese subjects underwent lowfat, E-resticted diet. Those not achieving diet goal were randomized to a VLC+HP diet or the moderate-carb diet + commerical foods (Mod Carb). The VLC+HP diet group received support via phone and email, recipe and educational booklet. No other support. The Mod Carb diet received commercial shakes, soups and snacks; weekly group meetings on diet, exercise, motivation; phone and email support. The diet was in 2 phases: 3-mo weight loss and 6-mos maintenance (optional) in which regular food was reintroduced."
Y
"VLC+HP diet Targets E: 800-1500kcal/d Carb: 20%E, ≤40g/d Protein: 40%E Fat: 40%E Intake: NR"
"Target: 20% Intake: NR"
"Target: 40% Intake: NR"
"Moderate Carb diet/LL diet (Mod diet) Targets E: 550kcal/d Carb: 36%E Protein: 36%E Fat: 28%E Intake: NR"
Both diets met definition of a low or moderate carb diet.
Primary: weight, body composition, CVD risk factors
"Some WG levels NR. For reporting here, the VLC+HP diet is regarded as the low-carb diet, although both tests were within range by definition of low/moderate carb intake. Greater WG (and some SS BG) improvement was seen with the Moderate Carb diet, which offered significantly greater behavioral support to subjects."
"WG: N BG: N Baseline→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 5.2→4.9 WG SS p NR BG SS p=0.010 "
0
0
"WG: N BG: N Baseline→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 5.6%→5.4 WG SS p NR BG SS p=0.012"
0
0
"WG: N BG: N Baseline→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 4.0mmol/L→3.6 WG SS p NR"
0
0
"WG: N BG: N BG NSS Baseline*→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 1.31mmol/L→1.38 WG SS p NR BG NSS *2 groups SS different at baseline"
0
0
"WG: N BG: N BG NSS Baseline→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 3.1mmol/L→2.9 WG SS p NR BG NSS"
0
0
"WG: N BG: N Baseline→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 1.3mmol/L→1.1 WG SS p NR BG SS p=0.049"
0
0
*
*
"Weight and BMI WG: Y BG: N Both diets resulted in SS WG improvement for weight, BMI, % body fat, fat mass, and waist size. Mod Carb diet also resulted in SS WG improvement in free-fat mass*. Mod Carb diet was SS favored BG for all measures but fat-free mass. Weight Baseline*→9mo VLC+HP 111.6kg→109.6 Mod Carb 122.6kg→107.5 WG SS p NR BG SS p=0.007 *2 groups SS different at baseline"
1
0
"WG: N BG: N BG NSS Baseline→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 134.8mmHg→128.2 WG SS p NR BG NSS "
0
0
"WG: N BG: N BG NSS Baseline→9mo VLC+HP WG NSS Mod Carb 87.7mmHg→83.2 WG SS p NR BG NSS "
0
0
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NA
"Renal and hepatic markers Neither diet group had adverse levels, but some WG and BG outcomes were SS: Urea - LC+HP diet: WG SS increase - Mod Carb diet: WG SS decrease BG SS p=0.03 Creatinine - LC+HP diet: WG NSS - Mod Carb diet: WG SS decrease BG NSS eGFR - LC+HP protein diet: WG NSS - Mod Carb diet: WG SS increase BG SS p=0.035 Alanine aminotransferase c-Glutamyl transferase - LC+HP diet: WG NSS - Mod Carb diet: Both WG SS decreases BG SS p=0.016, 0.008 "
"Greater weight loss and improved CV risk were achieved with the LL [Moderate Carb diet], which mostly reflects the patient support provided for each dietary treatment."

Abbreviations:

AHA - American Heart Association;
ALT - alanine aminotransferase;
AMDR - acceptable macronutrient distribution range;
AST - aspartate aminotransferase;
BG - between study groups;
BHOB - beta-hydroxybutyrate;
DBP - diastolic blood pressure;
E- energy, caloric intake;
eGFR - estimated glomerular filtration rate;
FBG - fasting blood glucose;
GGT - gamma-glutamyl transferase;
HDL-C - high-density lipoprotein cholesterol;
iGFR - isotope glomerurar filtration rate;
LDL-C - low-density lipoprotein cholesterol;
NAFLD - non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;
NR - not reported (or data needed for calculation not available);
N - no;
NA - not applicable;
NS - not specified;
NSS - not statistically significant;
SBP - systolic blood pressure;
SS - statistically significant;
TG - triglyceride;
total C - total cholesterol;
V - varied, mixed;
WG - within a study group;
WMD - weighted mean difference;
Y - yes

Number of People in Studies:

3,296 Enrolled in randomized controlled trials on 25% or less carbohydrates
2,626 Completed randomized controlled trials on 25% or less carbohydrates
79.67% 82% completion of studies

Duration of Trial

<6 Months
6-9 Months
1 -2 years
>2 years

# of Trials

36
6
9s
1

Join the Low-Carb Action Network to stay informed of our latest news and calls to action.


Don't miss out on the chance to lend your voice for change!

We will never sell or share our mailing list with any other party or organization