4 purposes of the study
37
2018
1
"4 purposes of the study: - to assess if providing the food in the intervention affected physical activity patterns - to determine effect of high-fat (HF) vs high-carb (HC) diet on post-prandial glucose response - to compare glucose response and activity patterns of the intervention arms - to explore novel ways to collect dietary intake data Hypotheses: - provision of the food would not change total daily activity - a high-carb diet would impair glycemic control in comparison to high-fat diet - due to lower physical activity, post-prandial glucose extremes would be worse during the high-carb diet than the high-fat diet, with greatest excursions being in the evening"
N
8
"High-fat, low-carb diet Targets E: individualized (REE x 1.4) Carb: 15%E Protein: 18%E Fat: 67%E Intake E: 12300kJ (2940kcal/d) Carb: 116g/d, 15%E Protein: 130g/d, 18%E Fat: 223g/d, 67%E"
"High-carb, low-fat diet Targets E: individualized (REE x 1.4) Carb: 67%E Protein: 18%E Fat: 15%E Intake E: 12300kJ (2940kcal/d) Carb: 515g/d, 67%E Protein: 130g/d, 18%E Fat: 50g/d, 15%E"
"- Effect of providing intervention meals on activity and glucose levels - E consumption comparisons between habitual diet period vs test diet periods - Comparisons of data collection methods for dietary intake and physical activity - Effect of test diets on continuous glucose monitoring (pre-meal, post-meal, peak, fasting, mean and total AUC glucose) "
On all measures of glucose control, the HF diet was SS superior to the HC diet.
"Comparisons reported here are for between the test diets (not vs habitual diet) Pre-meal glucose, peak glucose, mean glucose, post-meal glucose, total AUC, AUC per meal WG: NA BG: Y See study for outcomes values for HF diet vs HC diet comparisons as well as comparisons between each test diet and habitual diet."
*
1
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
*
*
"NR Not intended to be a weight loss study"
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NR
*
*
NA
NR
"Provision of meals diet not SS affect activity pattterns across the day or before and after meals. Sedentary behavior was SS greater during habitual diet and test diet periods. "
"""...the provision of experimental meals did not alter the total day or postprandial activity patterns of men who are overweight or obese and sedentary. Peak blood glucose was most affected by the high-carbohydrate diet, but the high-fat diet did not substantially alter blood glucose regulation compared with habitual intake. We observed increased sedentary activity across the day, without an associated change in peak and mean glucose, providing a clear target of the evening time established as the time for sedentary behaviour to be minimised."" "
Abbreviations:
AHA - American Heart Association;
ALT - alanine aminotransferase;
AMDR - acceptable macronutrient distribution range;
AST - aspartate aminotransferase;
BG - between study groups;
BHOB - beta-hydroxybutyrate;
DBP - diastolic blood pressure;
E- energy, caloric intake;
eGFR - estimated glomerular filtration rate;
FBG - fasting blood glucose;
GGT - gamma-glutamyl transferase;
HDL-C - high-density lipoprotein cholesterol;
iGFR - isotope glomerurar filtration rate;
LDL-C - low-density lipoprotein cholesterol;
NAFLD - non-alcoholic fatty liver disease;
NR - not reported (or data needed for calculation not available);
N - no;
NA - not applicable;
NS - not specified;
NSS - not statistically significant;
SBP - systolic blood pressure;
SS - statistically significant;
TG - triglyceride;
total C - total cholesterol;
V - varied, mixed;
WG - within a study group;
WMD - weighted mean difference;
Y - yes
Number of People in Studies:
3,296 Enrolled in randomized controlled trials on 25% or less carbohydrates
2,626 Completed randomized controlled trials on 25% or less carbohydrates
79.67% 82% completion of studies
Duration of Trial
<6 Months
6-9 Months
1 -2 years
>2 years
# of Trials
36
6
9s
1